These connections have the largest variety of possibilites.

They can range frorm very large scale interconnections between different grid systems across national boundaries, to small island connections to avoid the use of inefficient, costly small generators.

 

The advance in DC convertor techology has made large scale interconnectors more affordable. The cost of these convertor stations is far less prohibitive, and with the removal of the need for polarity reversal, has enabled the use of extruded cables. More links between countries, whether for security of supply, or unit cost reduction are now becoming economically viable.

 

The use of these cables for national long distant power transmission is also becoming more frequently considered for countries with sufficient coastline. Renewable energy such as wind, and hydro power are often best produced in remote areas, distant from the sources of demand, and with remoteness comes national parks and conservation areas.

The cost and disruption of land transmisson, and the undesirabe visual impact of overhead lines, can make subsea cable transmission a viable alternative solution.

 

Small Scale Projects  

These are normally conventional AC cable systems. They can be small island connections and interconnections, or even river crossings.